JH+-+Sources+(a+lot)

Annotated Bibliography:

1. Haber, W.B. (1958) Reactions to loss of limb: Physiological and psychological aspects, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Volume 74, 1. Direct Link: []  The study looks at the different psychological ways that people choose with limb loss, ranging from good reactions to negative ones. It looks at phantom limb phenomena, sensory changes in perception, and the psychological aspects in terms of dealing with loss. It also had an interesting part where he had nine upper extremity amputees draw where they felt their ‘hand’ was. It is useful in my research because it is exactly what I want to study and explore in my thesis.

2. Deane, Meryl. (1989). Psychology of Limb Loss. British Medical Journal. Volume 299. 1526–1527. Direct Link via PubMed: []  A small response that correlates the idea of limb loss being akin to grief counseling. It talks a little about helping people to cope with disabilities similar to counseling a patient about their lost relative or friend. Also was a good stepping stone to finding more materials. This is a good source because although very short, offers valuable insight in the knowledge about grief.

3. A. Hisari. (2009). Body image and its relationship with exercise and sports in Turkish lower-limb amputees who use prosthesis. Science and Sports, Volume 25, 6. Direct Link via PubMed: []  This study looked at how Turkish athletes dealt with their limb loss as well as what they are now doing in exercise. Although not as much of a psychology piece as some of the others, it is invaluable in my research. Having an international perspective that isn’t western oriented gives a different dimension to it. It looks as body image and also other factors such as education and even the side that the limb was taken to create a narrative of what body image most of the respondents had post-amputation.

4. Bhojak, M.M.; Nathawat, S.S. (1988). Body Image, Hopelessness and Personality Dimensions in Lower Limb Amputees. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, April 1988, 30(2), pp. 161-165 Direct Link: []  Using Fischer’s Body Distortion Questionnaire (BDQ) and Beck’s Hopelessness Scale, the study examined the psychology of lower limb amputees. Surprisingly, the subjects had higher hopelessness and neuroticism scores, but unsurprisingly, their scores on body distortion were also higher. It looks at how limb loss also affects other activities such as intimacy and socialization. This is helpful because of the actual scales to determine psychological outlook.

5. Gallagher, P.; MacLachlan, M. (2000). Positive meaning in amputation and thoughts about the amputated limb. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 2000, Volume 24, 196-204. Direct Link: []  Contrary to other studies, this one looks to see the positive aspects of limb loss reported in patients. Most articles focus on the distressing side of amputation, but this article reports the good and bad aspects that only (or as many as) 48% looking at something good that came out of amputation. This article is helpful for future work and is a good balance to all the morbid articles.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">6. Hamill, R.; Carson, S.; Dorahy, M. (2010). Experiences of Psychosocial Adjustment Within 18 Months of Amputation: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Disability and Rehabilitation, 2010; 32(9): 729–740. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Direct Link unavailable. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;"> This research paper looks at the psychosocial adjustment that patients incur post amputation. Although the sample size is very small, with only eight semi-structured interviews performed, it does use Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. It also looks at the identity of being ‘disabled’. This is good for future research because it provides guides for clinical practice and also suggests other research topics to be discussed.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">7. Desmond, D.; MacLachlan, M. (2002). Psychological issues in prosthetic and orthotic practice: a 25 year review of psychology in Prosthetics and Orthotics International. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, Volume 26, 182-188. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Direct Link: [] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;"> An organization paper that looks at the role of the actual publication to research and contributing to the greater knowledge of prosthesis and orthotics. Although not as direct in applicability, it gives a broad overview of the source, its downfalls and other significant technological advances in the field as a whole.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">8. Fitzgibbon, B.; Enticott, P.; Rich, A.; Giummarra, M.; Georgiou-Karistianis, N.; Tsao, J.; Weeks, S.; Bradshaw, J. (2010).High incidence of ‘synaesthesia for pain’ in amputees. Neuropsychologia. Volume 48, Issue 12, 3675–3678. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Direct Link: [|http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028393210003349#] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;"> A phenomenon where a person experiences pain by witnessing another in pain is aptly named “synaesthesia for pain” in this article. It looks at the phantom limb idea in psychology and looks at the triggers to try and understand phantom pain. The amputee group experienced significantly higher instance of this than their non-amputee peers. This is helpful because it helps look at mirror symptoms.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">9. Tyc, V. (1992). Psychosocial adaptation of children and adolescents with limb deficiencies: A review. Clinical Psychology Review. Volume 12, 3, Pages 275–291 <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Direct Link: [] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;"> Children and adolescents deal with limb loss in a different way than adults. The research looks at the psychosocial status of patients by characterizing possible maladaptation from social stressors in their surroundings. It also looks at the studies where this directly challenges that assertion. This is helpful because it looks at both sides of the argument of how children deal with limb loss and provides support for both positive and negative adjustment.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">10. Crawford, C. (2013). ‘You don’t need a body to feel a body’: phantom limb syndrome and corporeal transgression. Sociology of Health & Illness. Volume 35, 3. 434-448. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Direct Link: [] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;"> This looks at phantom limb syndrome and looks at the idea of the body as a whole entity. It is both a psychology and a philosophical paper, that treats the body as a ‘vehicle’. It also deals a bit in materialism and religious outlooks. This was very interesting to read, I’m not sure how to work it in yet, but it seems all very applicable to what I want to research and look at.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">11. How to Build a Bionic Man. Documentary. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Direct Link: [] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #111111; font-family: 'Lucida Grande',Arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">12. >>> I WANT THIS ARTICLE>>> []